Improved machine for making files



, adapt itto any form of power with which nnwann e. ROLLINS, or POLAND,NEW YORK.

Letters Patent N...103,240, dated May 17,1870.

IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MAKING- PILE S.

Theschedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD B. Romans, of Poland, in the county ofHerkimer and State of New York, have invented an Improvement inFile-outting Machines; and I do hereby declare that the fo1-. lowing isa ful], clear, and exact description thereof, reference being bad to.the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference markedthereon.

Drawings.

Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved machine, showing the cam-wheelfor moving the hammers or cutters, the tube or shaft to which the blankis secured while being out, the mechanism for feeding such files to thecutter, and the mechanism for throwing the machinery into and out ofgear.

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section on line at m of fig. 1,showing one method of raising and lowering the shaft which carries theblank while being cut.

Figure 3 is an end view of the shaft which carries the blank, and theguide-wheel which is placed upon a such shaft for-the purpose ofpreventing it from tnrn-' ing while the blank is being cut.

Figure 4 is an end view of the dies or hammers which carry thecutting-chisels, and showing also the position of such chisels in suchhammer.

Corresponding letters refer to corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

ilhis invent on relates to file and rasp-cutting machines; aud

I It cousistsin the construction of such machines, and .inzthecombination and arrangement of the parts of which they are composed, aswill be more fnlly'described hereinafter.

i A, in the drawings, refers to the frame-work of the machine, which maybe such as is shown in the drawings, or it may beof any other form thatis adapted toreceive the parts ofthe machine which it is designed tosupport. l.hat portion which carries the drivingpnlley-may, if desired,be square in form,-so' as to it may be necessary or convenient to driveit.

.3 refers to the cam-wheel, which consists of a disk of metal, havingupon its lower surface cam-shaped projections, which, during-itsmovement, come in contact with the end of the hammer or die-helve, thusdepressingits rear end, and giving its front end the re.- 'quiredmovement. This'wheel is placed upon a vertioal shaft which has itsbearings in-the cross-beams of itherear end of frame A, as shown infig.. 1. To this shaft may be secured a pulley or gear-wheel for drivingit, which may receive its motion from any prime mover.

0 refers to the helve of the hammer, which receives its motion directfrom the cam-wheel, it being pivoted to the vertical ports of the frameA, from which'point it than are their front ends.

- helve O of another hammer, which is pivoted toninother uprightsomewhat inadvance or in front of the one to which the helve G ispivoted.

From this pivoted point this helve extends forward through theguide-posts, and to such a distance as to bring its front end about on aline vertically with the end of helve G, where the two are provided withhammers or dies, which are to be attached thereto by any suitable means.

The faces of these hammers or diesare provided with grooves, throughwhich the file-blank is to be passedwhile being cut, the flanges upontheir outer edges preventing them from coming too near together at thepoints where the blank passes through them. Across -these grooves areset the chisels for cutting the teeth or serrations upon the file-blank,they being placed atsuch an angle to the line of motion of the blank asto give the required angle to the teeth when out.

These chisels may be secured in their places by bolting, or by beingpassed into dovetailed grooves in the faces of the hammers or dies. Thepoint at which the connecting links or rod is attached to the helves ofthe hammers should-be such as to give their outer ends the same, orabout the same, amouutof movement, in order that each one shall becarried the same distancerfrom the blank, and that both shall return tocontact with said blank at the same instant of time.

It will be observed that the rear ends of the helves O and O are at agreater distance from each other This arrangement is of greatimportance, as it enables me to out the teeth with any desired'amount ofbevel or over-hang, which feature gives hand-cut files theirpeculiaevalue.

In this machine any amount of bevel may be given to the teeth bychanging the pivoted points of the helves and the length of theconnecting-rod or link,

thus increasing the angles of said helves to an extent suflicicnt toenable the'machine to cut coarse rasps for iron or wood.

D refers to a shaft, which has its hearings in adj ust able boxes A,which move in slots in the vertical posts A of the frame A.

The forward end of this shaft is'provided with a screw-thread, D uponwhich a nut, D, is fitted; slots are out in the end of this'shaft, asshown in fig. 3; it is also provided with around hole in its center,which, with the slots, extend into theshaft for some distance, thedesign being to give the parts "some elasticity, so

blank to move with the shaft in a manner soon to bedescribed.

The rear end of this shaft-- is hollow for some distance, so as to admitthe end of rack E, while upon its front end, and just in the rearof thescrew-thread above alluded to, there is placed a guide-wheel, I), whichhas projections upon its periphery as shown in fig. 2, which projectionsmove in a slotted arm or guide, which projects from the front side'ofthe guideposts A the object being to prevent the possibility of theblanks turning or being turned while the cutting is being done. Thehearings in which shaft D rests are made adjustable in this instance bymeans of wedges, but for which screws may be substituted, the objectbeing to enable the operator to so adjust the blanks that both of thechisels shall come in contact with it at the same instant of time, andthus relieve the blank from any strain and from all liability of beingbroken.

E refers to a rack, which works in guides upon the posts of the frame,as shown in fig. 1, its lower edge being provided with cogs, forapurpose soon to be described.

The forward end of this rack is round, and is lnr nished with ascrmv-thrcad, which enters a nut in the rear end of shaft D, it beingfor adjusting said shaft for cutting different lengths of blanks,as itwill be seen that by screwing this rack a greater or lesser dis tanceinto the shaft, theposition of the front end of such shaft withrcfcrmice to the chisels will be determined.

The longitudinal movement of this rack is imparted thereto, by means ofa pawl, E, the upper end of which is pivoted to the rear end of thehelve C, so,

that, as that is pressed downward, the pawl engages,

with a ratchet-wheel, and imparts its motion thereto. Just in front ofthis pawl there is placedanothcr pawl, E, which is pivoted to the postto which helve G is hung, its lower end resting upon the sameratchetwheel, as does the end of its office being to prevent theratchet-wheel from turning in the wrong direction.

F is the ratchet-wheel above alluded to, it being placed upon a shaftwhich has its hearings in the posts which guide the rack E, and soarranged that the pinion 1*", which is secured to the same shaft, shallwork into the cogs upon the under side of rack E, thus giving the saidrack 'the motion required to move the blank the proper distance at eachdownward movement of helve O, toreceive the impact of the chisels,wliicln'at each stroke, forms a tooth upon each side of the file.

G refers to a spring, which is placed upon the shaft 1), and betweencollars also placed upon such shaft, the rear one being loose, so thatit may restagaiust the posts A, and thus through the action of thespring pressing against the fixed front collar, prevent the secured tothe same cross-bar, its rear end carrying a hanger, H through aprojection, upon the lower end of which the pawls E and E pass, so thatas the front end of lever H is'depressed, said pawls may be allowed toengage with and move wheel F. To that point of lever H, which is justoutside of the frame A, there is suspended a yoke, H, which worksthrough aguide attached to the frame A.

, The front edge of this yoke is provided with notches, so arranged thatwhen the outer end of lever H is depressed, and with it the yoke, suchnotches will engage the lower edge of the guide through which it passes,and hold the yoke down in such a position that its lower end shall comein contact with one of the projections upon guide-wheel D when the shaftD has moved the length of the blank, and been carried to the rear adistance to relieve it from the control of its guide, and thus permitthe spring H to throw the lever H up, which will raise the outer end ofhelve C, and thus depress the rear end thereof until it is out of thereach of the cam-wheel B, when all the parts of the machine, except saidwheel, will cease to move, and the file may be removed from the shaft D,andanother blank inserted preparatory to being cut. When it becomesdesirable to put the machine in operation again, the operator depressesthe front end of lever H until the hanger H engages the guide, whentherear end of helve O'is brought within reach of the wheel B, and allof the parts com menco working again.

I refers to an adjustable weight, which is placed upon the forward endof helvc O'when found'neoessary to give the hammers the requiredrapidity of movement 'and force of blow, or to keep its rear end in contact with the wheel B.

Having thusdescribed my invention,

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Pat'- ent of the UnitedStates, is

1. The combination of the helves O Q, dies or hammers G with theirchisels, connecting-rod C, and driving-wheel B, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth. 1

2. The co'n'ibinatiou of the helve C, the pawl E, ratchet-wheel l pinionF, rack E, and shaft D, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the gnide wheel D, hanger H lever H, and spring H,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two attesting wit nesses, at the city of \Vashington, D.0.,this 26th day of March, 1870.

Witnesses: EDWARD B. ROLLINS.

Josnrn R. Eosox, Emr. l. Bnowx.

